HSTEU305 MID TERM EXAM: Tuesday April 24 (bring blue books)
EXAM
FORMAT:
Multiple Choice (10): factual information (only one right answer)
Identifications
(choose 5): identify & explain significance of person,
treatise, group, event; include dates where relevant (eg Malleus 1487)
Essay
question (one essay): a good essay answer always
includes specific information in support of general statements;
review general themes:
1) relationship of learned and popular culture in European witch beliefs:
e.g. images of witch, distinction from sorcerer; idea of diabolical pact
2) transition from church's early skepticism about possibility of
nightflying, to theological & judicial support for reality of witchcraft
3) central factors in the rise of witch trials in 14th and 15th centuries
READINGS:
Framework for review: lectures, handouts;
Cohn, Europe's Inner Demons;
Levack, Witch Hunt in Early Modern Europe, Ch 1-3;
Major documents in Kors & Peters: be able to identify them in ID's;
be familiar with contents, titles, dates of major documents mentioned
in
lectures; be able to cite specific documents in support of your essay
TOPICS
FOR REVIEW: be sure to look at lecture outlines on the course web
site
http://courses.washington.edu/hsteu305
under “course notes”
l. Basic terms, categories & concepts: witchcraft versus learned sorcery
religious categories: paganism; heresy versus orthodoxy; apostasy
elements in witch image: maleficium; striga; nightflying; Diana
diabolical
pact as scholastic theological explanation for:
- invocation of demons, sorcery, ritual magic, learned magic *
- diabolism,
demon worship, demonolatry * [* asterisk indicates that the
preceding
terms are synonyms]
- Sabbath, vauderie, "synagogue of Satan" *
2.
Historical interpretations of European witchcraft:
Margaret Murray: witchcraft as fertility cult early 20th c.
Norman
Cohn: witchcraft as projection of fantasies about enemies of society
demonic, inhuman, depraved, cannibalistic, orgiastic etc.
Anthropologists: witchcraft as explanation of misfortune
3. Philosophical/theological background to European witch beliefs:
Religious
& philosophical theories of origin & nature of evil
Dualism: Zoroastrianism, Manicheanism, Catharism;
Platonic theory of evil as absence of good;
Christian: God's providence permits evil to bring good from evil (Job)
(but note dualist tendencies of Jewish & Christian demon beliefs)
13th
century scholasticism, demonology: Thomas Aquinas -
theory of diabolical pact as source of magical effects
medieval
heresies: Cathars (Albigensians) & Waldensians
the "demonization
of the medieval heretics" (Cohn, Ch 3-4)
4. Development of witch beliefs & witch trials:
sources
for the various elements in popular image of witch:
striga, malefica, nightflying with Diana & ladies of night
ecclesiastical
legislation about witches: early versus late middle ages --
from Canon Episcopi to Malleus Maleficarum;
secular law codes: evidence from early Germanic/barbarian legal codes
legal changes from accusatory to inquisitorial procedure (Cohn)
12-13th C. rise of Inquisition, mendicant orders (Dominicans and Franciscans)
14th C.: conspiracy theories involving lepers, Jews, heretics
Transition: heresy to sorcery trials, then witch trials: common themes?
14th century: sorcery trials & their political context
15th
century: first witch trials & witch treatises -- interaction of treatises
& trials;
e.g. Nider Formicarius 1435-7; Kramer/Sprenger Malleus Maleficarum
1487
***************************************************************************************************
Midterm
ID's: use above outline as general guide to topics to be reviewed
be sure to look at lecture outlines on the course web site
http://courses.washington.edu/hsteu305
under “lecture notes”
Emile
Durkheim, Elementary Forms of Religious Life 1915
Bruno Malinowski, Magic, Science & Religion 1925
Evans Pritchard, Witch, Oracles & Magic among the Azande 1933
Sir James Frazer, The Golden Bough 1890-1915
Margaret Murray, The Witch Cult in Western Europe 1921
The God of the Witches 1933
Theodicy
Dualism
Platonic theory of evil
St. Augustine
Emperor Constantine, Council of Nicea
Pope Gregory the Great
Bede, History of the English Church and People
Diana, Holda, Ladies of the Night (see Cohn)
Germanic legal codes
wergeld system
Canon Episcopi
Burchard of Worms, Corrector Rusticorum
penetential canons
Lateran Council 1215
Scholasticism
Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica
Catharism
Waldensians
Dominicans
Franciscans
Inquisition, inquisitorial procedure
versus accusatory procedure
Albigensian Crusade
Conrad of Marburg
Gratian’s Decretum
Pope Gregory IX, Vox in Rama, 1233
Pope Boniface VIII
King Philip IV of France
Pope John XXII
Lady Alice Kyteler
John XXII, Super illius specula, 1326
Nicolas Eymeric, Inquisitor's Directory 1376
Bernardino of Siena
Johannes Nider, Formicarius
Peter von Greyerz, Stedelen
Innocent VIII Summis Desiderantes Affectibus 1484
Kramer and Sprenger 1487--Malleus Maleficarum
Crimen exceptum
Millennium
Eschatology
Ritual murder charges
Key of Solomon